Pico Depression Pico - 1296 Words

PICO: Depression Pico is a way to formulate clinical questions for research. It is composed of the population or problem, the intervention, a comparison group and the outcome. Using this approach, it is easier to formulate an answerable question. Once the question is formulated, search terms are selected and a search is performed. The results of the search are reviewed and the data analyzed to form the answer to the Pico question. The purpose of this paper is to formulate a question and research on the topic of depression in the elderly, using the PICO format. Part 1: Pico Analyses of Research Topic Depression is lack of enjoyment and a general feeling of sadness (Brouwer-Brolsma,et al., 2015). It can happen to all ages, but, the†¦show more content†¦Boolean strings will include, elderly + vitamin D + depression, geriatric + vitamin D + depression, older adults + vitamin D + depression, elderly + supplement D + depression, geriatric + supplement D + depression, older adults + supplement D + depression. The search will be limited to full text, English documents within the last five years. Literature selected will be primary source and contain at least one and four research articles. Part III: Analysis of Literature From the electronic database searches, several articles were appropriate. The first, Vitamin D deficiency and depression in adults: systematic review and meta-analysis, was designed to find a relationship between Vitamin D and depression (Anglin, Samaan, Walter, McDonald, 2013). Although, limited by the lack of random control trials, the data was presented in a uniform and consistent manner (Anglin et al., 2013). The results were in line with their goal, finding that low Vitamin D levels did correlate with increased depression (Anglin et al., 2013). Second, Meehan, and Penckofer, provided their inductive, exploratory opinion of The role of Vitamin D in the aging adult (2014). Although, the study was short and depression symptoms were self-reported, it, nevertheless, showed a correlation between low levels of Vitamin D and depression symptoms (Meehan, Penckofer, 2014). The third article, Vitamin D supplementation to preventShow MoreRelatedAnimals Of All Kinds Have Been Known For Th eir Positive Impact On Humans1233 Words   |  5 Pagesalone, but rather coupled with other treatment to enhance the therapy process. (Dietz, T. J., Davis., Pennings, J. 2012). PICO Statement My PICO statement is in patients with PTSD or traumatic experiences, what is the effect of animal-assisted therapy compared to no animal assisted therapy on decreasing traumatic symptoms? Therapy is the type of PICO question. Based on my PICO statement the best type of evidence to use for this particular question would be randomized or non-randomized controlledRead MoreThe Dark Ages1647 Words   |  7 Pagesphilosophical orthodoxy immensely impacted later history. There is a reason why the Medieval Ages are often referred to as the Dark Ages, a term coined by an Italian scholar named Petrarch . The Dark Ages, in a sense, refers to a period of intellectual depression following the collapse of the Holy Roman Empire . The Dark Ages saw no real advancements in science, no pursuit of new inventions, nor any change in thought to the political and philosophical theories of the time, much of which revolved around religionRead MoreSleep Protocols Essay1259 Words   |  6 Pagesspecifically focused on interruptions at night in order to get a better grasp on how big the problem actually is. A lack of sleep can slow the bodys ability to heal, weaken the immune system, cause higher blood pressure and worsen symptoms of depression and anxiety (Coccaro, Silverman, Klar, Siever, 1991; Duong, Mohammed, Hardin, 2017; Irwin, 2006). After completing a literature review about the causes of lack of sleep in hospitals, evidence was gathered from several sources to create a sleepRead MoreIs Obesity A Growing Problem? Essay1319 Words   |  6 Pages(Physical Activity, 2014). When adolescents do not get the proper amount of physical activity needed to keep them healthy it puts them at risk for; a decrease in bone health, cardiorespiratory and muscle health, an increase in body fat, and possible depression. Obesity is a growing problem in America not only with adults but also with school aged children. The percentage of children aged 6–11 years in the United States who were obese increased from 7% in 1980 to nearly 18% in 2012. Similarly, the percentageRead MoreSymptoms A nd Treatment Of The Silent1555 Words   |  7 Pages(WHO), there is an approximate 350 million people worldwide who deteriorate from depression and it is a leading cause of disability (as cited in Pietrangelo, 2015). Suicide is the third cause of adolescents deaths after traffic injuries and HIV/AIDS from ages 10-19; Furthermore, for the silent suffers as frequently seen without treatment is a progression of the depressive symptoms into chronic persistent major depression in adulthood (WHO, n.d.). On an economic perspective, depress people are at a greaterRead MoreSurgery On Bariatric Patients : Case Study1140 Words   |  5 Pagesanalgesic profile without increase in complications related to respiratory depression (Gaszynski, Gaszynska Szewczyk, 2014). Dexmedetomidine decreases catecholamine plasma concentration through presynaptic and postsynaptic blockade, producing an analgesic effect as well as inducing a state of sedation similar to a natural sleep and preserving airway ref lexes (Abu-Halawh et al., 2016). Narcotic induced hypoxia and respiratory depression can lead to atelectasis, pneumonia and increased length of hospitalRead MoreThe Effect Of Daytime Sleepiness On Aged Care Residents3515 Words   |  15 PagesFollowing the advancement of evidence based medicine practice and the growth of ideas about the most strategic ways to develop questions, the last decade has seen a rise in the use of questions phrased using the PICO format (Yensen J, 2013). . The model used to develop a clinical question is the PICO model. Foreground question was used to formulate the question with aetiology and risk factor. Fore ground question are specific and relevant to the clinical issue. Foreground question are asked in order toRead MoreDetermining the Relationship between Postnatal Depression and Peer Support2287 Words   |  10 PagesCHAPTER 4 4.1 Search Strategy The main purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between postnatal depression and peer support by way of reviewing primary research articles. The search strategy adopted for this study can be broken down into several steps. The key concepts and terminologies for the study were identified. The synonyms of the terms were then determined which were also included within the search terms. Boolean operators were the chosen search features. Databases from whichRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Fibromyalgia1267 Words   |  6 Pagesincreasingly throughout the United States. With providers becoming concerned over using pain medication and causing harm to patients, a further look at alternative treatment methods is necessary. Because symptoms of fibromyalgia include anxiety, depression, and widespread pain, an increase in activity as a part of a comprehensive treatment plan is an option to consider. The following critique and literature review evaluates the usefulness of in creased activity levels to decrease pain in women withRead MoreBackground: Humor, Laughter And Play Have Been Therapeutic1162 Words   |  5 Pagesidea that laughter is beneficial to health (Trussell, 2008). More recently, the use of therapeutic humor on adult populations has become increasingly popular. Laughter has been reported to improve cardiovascular function, decrease insomnia and depression, lower inflammatory responses, and improve pain tolerance (Gilbert, 2014). According to Old (2012), laughter improves mental functioning, memory, and attention, by increases catecholamine levels in the body. Muscles are also relaxed during episodes

Troubling Issues of Child Labor in Between Shades of Grey...

The novel Between Shades of Grey by Ruta Sepetys does an excellent job illustrating the troubling issue of child labor. The extent of child labor in a country is directly linked by the nature and extent of poverty within it. Child labor deprives children of their childhood, their potential and their dignity. It is detrimental to physical and mental development. Today, there are an estimated 246 million child laborers around the globe. This irritating social issue is not only violates a nation’s minimum age laws , it also involves intolerable abuse, such as child slavery, child trafficking, debt bondage, forced labor, and illicit activities. In Between Shades of Grey , Lina and her ten year old brother are unrightfully charged 25 years of†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å" Worldwide, there are an estimated 246 million children engaged in child labour. Some 180 million children aged 5–17 (or 73 percent of all child labourers) are believed to be engaged in the w orst forms of child labour, including working in hazardous conditions such as in mines and with dangerous machinery. Of these children, 5.7 million are forced into debt bondage or other forms of slavery, 1.8 million are forced into prostitution or pornography and 600,000 are engaged in other illicit activities.† -(Karen Dukess, UNICEF Media) Poverty struck parents who are out of options are often tricked into selling their children to middlemen for a few dollars. They are fooled into thinking that their child will receive care, a free education, and their wages will be sent back to the family. The harsh reality is seen when the child is denied an education and becomes a frequent victim of maltreatment, physical and psychological abuse by supervisors; a major will never see their family again. However, there is still a small beacon of hope. In Nepal, some children, like Maya Lama, are rescued. Maya was only ten when she was initially forced to work grueling 16-hour shifts in a carpet factory in Nepals capital, Kathmandu. Though child labor is illegal in Nepal, Maya became one of the estimated 1.6 million working children. Established in 2000, the minimum age for most work is 14 years old for work, with the exception of plantations and

Benefits Working Overseas Free Essays

Considering the multiple opportunities offered by international jobs, more and more people are attracted towards working abroad. Most of such work opportunities are available in developing nations, where population continues to increase. Foreign countries are ready to welcome skilled professionals across a wide range of industries. We will write a custom essay sample on Benefits Working Overseas or any similar topic only for you Order Now Though there are many people who want to be employed abroad for leisure and other reasons, the majority of jobseekers decide to work abroad for excellent financial benefits. Apart from being financially rewarding working abroad offers plenty of other benefits that stir interest in jobseekers. Explore Cross-Country Cultures One of the biggest benefits of working abroad is that you get to meet people from different cultural backgrounds. Since you continue to meet with a wide range of people, you have an excellent opportunity to network with people from different countries of the world. While working, you can even find people who will ultimately turn into lifetime friends. In addition, you get to know about different customs and traditions that people from different cultural background may have. Opportunity to Hone Your Language Skills Working overseas also gives workers an excellent opportunity to meet with native speakers. If you are looking to polish your language skills, you have a great chance to do the same while working abroad. The best method to fine-tune your foreign language skills is to interact with the native speakers of a specific language. Financial Benefits This is one of those benefits that attract most of the jobseekers for taking up jobs abroad. Salaries for most of the jobs vary according to the geographical location. With a bit of research, you can find out which country will offer you the best salary for your skills and working experience. There are many countries where the cost of living is lower than the salaries offered. Therefore, reduced cost of living and high salaries will bring you excellent financial career benefits. Self Motivation Yes, working abroad also brings motivation to workers. When you continue to meet with new people from different walks of life, you get self-motivated. And motivating yourself gives your career an extra edge over others. When you stay away from home, you become even more responsible and develop the capability to handle pressure on your own. While being motivated, you can think further about working towards your career growth and development. Exceptional Work Experience. The competitive job market has made employers more selective. In today’s job market, employers prefer hiring candidates who possess a wide range of skills and extensive work experience. Experience of working abroad attracts employers even more, as it showcases your capability to adapt to diverse workplaces and perform well under pressure. Employers look at the candidate’s extra language skills as an additional beneficial asset. Extra language skills bring a lot of benefits in today’s global business environment. Future Employment Opportunities Working abroad also brings you the benefit of establishing business contacts. By being constantly in touch with your professional and influential contacts, you will be paving ground for employment opportunities that may be offered to you in future. Undoubtedly, taking up work abroad has plenty of benefits to offer. While you prepare yourself for the increasingly global work environment, you gain a competitive advantage over other jobseekers in your industry. Your intercultural and interpersonal communication skills are improved a lot when you work overseas. Your work experience of doing a job abroad proves to employers that you the capability to work efficiently with diverse groups of people and teams. How to cite Benefits Working Overseas, Papers

Discussion Of The Role Of Strategic Marketing In An Organisation

Questions: 1. How an organization develops and manages a strategic marketing plan? 2. Explains how an organization applies the strategic marketing management techniques in a market situation? Answer: Introduction The report is all about how an organization develops and manages a strategic marketing plan. The second part explains how an organization applies the strategic marketing management techniques in a market situation.In the first part, the role of strategic marketing is being discussed, i.e. how strategic marketing helps in an organization. The variety of processes such as planning, implementation and control phase involved in strategic marketing are also explained here. The relation between strategic marketing and corporate marketing is also being discussed. Apart from that, various models of a strategic marketing planning as well as the relationship between strategic positioning and marketing tactics are included. The benefits of relationship marketing is also being discussed here. In the second part, the strategic techniques and options are discussed. And also how an external environment affects the organization are discussed. Discussion of the role of strategic marketing in an organisation. Strategic marketing is the identification of strengths of an organization which helps the organization in differentiating itself from the competitor. Strategic marketing plays a vital role in an organization as it helps the organization in achieving its goals by utilizing its scarce resources in an effective way. Allocation and utilization of scarce resources in an effective way that helps an organization in increasing its sales and competitiveness. It helps the organization in increasing its capability and effectiveness from the competitor. Strategic marketing confirms that the right materials are being chosen for the production of goods or services. It also confirms that the productions are going as per the customers needs(Simerly, 1987). The processes involved in strategic marketing. Strategic marketing processes helps an organization to reach its target market with the allocation of its marketing mix resources. The process consists of three phase which are explained below: Planning phase - This phase consists of three steps, i.e. 1. Situation analysis: SWOT analysis helps an organization in increasing its strengths, rectifying its weakness, grabbing opportunities and avoiding situation that can hamper the organizations environment (Ahmad, 2013). 2. Market product focus and goal setting: First of all, marketing and product goals are defined then it selects the target market with the help of market segmentation. The next task is to find out the point of difference. Lastly, the product is positioned in the market (Gilligan and Wilson, 2009). 3. Marketing programme: In this stage, the marketing mix, i.e. product, price, place and promotion are developed and then the budget is being prepared with the help of estimation of revenues, expenses, and profits. Implementation phase - This phase consist of four steps, i.e. finding resources, designing marketing organization, developing schedules and executing marketing program. Concept phase - In this phase, the outcomes are compared with the plans in order to find out the changes that has been occurred(Moutinho and Southern, 2010). Evaluation of the links between strategic marketing and corporate strategy. Sometimes, both the terms strategic marketing and corporate strategy are used interchangeably but the difference lies in the aim. The aim of corporate strategy is to earn profit for the organization, whereas, that of strategic marketing is to increase the sales of the products. Besides this difference, there are some link and interrelationship between the two which are been explained below- Value chain- It is the process of making, communicating and delivering a product as per the customers needs and wants. It links strategic marketing and corporate strategy (Clegg, 2011). The first link is market sensing, i.e. identifying the target market, the next link is new offering, i.e. making and delivering the product. After this comes the customer acquisition, i.e. promotional activities are carried out to attract customers. The last link is fulfilment management, i.e. related to supplying the product. Core competency- It is the quality that an organization adopts in order to differentiate it from the competitors. Core competencies are being developed as corporate strategy but advertise as strategic marketing by an organization. Assessing the value of models used in strategic marketing planning. Strategic marketing planning: - It is an operational and managerial process which helps an organization in making and applying effective marketing strategies (Dess, 2012). Models The models used in strategic marketing planning helps the organization in evaluating whether the business is doing better than its competitors or not and also helps in identifying the growth strategies for the future. There are four models used in this process which includes the following- 1. The Ansoff matrix - It is a matrix which identifies opportunities that will help in the growth of the organization (McDonald and Meldrum, n.d.). It involves four growth strategies i.e. market penetration, product development, market development and diversification. 2. BCG matrix - This model was introduced by The Boston Consulting Group (BCG). It is also known as growth share matrix. It consists of four parts, i.e. question mark, star, cash cow and dog. Discussion of the links between strategic positioning and marketing tactics. Strategic positioning Positioning is the principle which shows how an organization competes and serves its customers. Positioning helps an organization by creating awareness among the customers (Proctor, 2000). Marketing tactics It is a set of methods which helps in promoting the products of the business in order to increase its sales (Cohen, 1995). An effective marketing tactics helps in satisfying the customers needs and assists the business in utilizing its scarce resources in more efficient way to maximize the promotion of its products. Analysis of the merits of relationship marketing in a given strategic marketing strategy. Merits of relationship marketing It helps in creating new customers It lessens the marketing and client services costs It helps in the expansion of business as the loyal customers suggest others to buy the products. It increases market share, sales as well as competency. Usage of the appropriate marketing techniques to ascertain growth opportunities in a market. The company that is chosen for this report is AB Cakes limited, which is located in Wolverhampton, England. It is related to private limited company, involves in production of different bakery items such as breads, cakes, flour confectionery and sugar confectionary food products. Marketing techniques are the tools used by the marketing department of the company in order to attract more customers and make more profits towards business. As a marketing manager, the below are some of the techniques used by the AB Cakes Ltd. Setting marketing objective making Strategies: Setting objectives and making strategies are the key roles of the marketing management. Hence, AB Cakes Ltd had set objectives to obtain growth, increase sales and maintain market share. Same way, to accelerate the growth of the sales, it has adopted marketing strategies that is, cost leadership (Iuso, 1975). Based on this, the company is getting sugar at low cost from Africa and China. Target marketing: The company AB Cakes Ltd. has been focused on the people who are suffering from diabetes and ignoring the sugar products. So, it started introducing the products of sugar free to attract customers and increase the sales. Become valuable resources: AB cakes Ltd. made a strategy to promote their products in a valuable and unique way which is liked by everybody. The strategies are made by the management to get the AB products available at easier, less expensive, faster etc. Planning on using the marketing strategy options in a market In order to be an efficient and effective business, AB Cakes ltd. has used different marketing strategies in order to seek more customer attraction and increase the sales of the company. Competitive strategy: The strategy is made by the management to create defendable position in an industry, to cope with the competitive force and there by yield superior returns. Cost leadership strategy: AB Cakes ltd. is a low cost producer industry which makes quality products in a reasonable price. This strategy is only applicable when there is good distribution channel and raw materials like sugar is getting at a least cost (Kotler and Cox, 1988). For this, company started importing sugar from China and Africa. Creating appropriate strategic marketing objectives for a market. Marketing objective are the goals set by the company in order to promote the products or services to potential consumers during specific time period. AB Cakes Ltd. also had the marketing objectives to reach the companys goal such as To create awareness among target consumer: The AB Cakes Company created the awareness among the target customer that it is UKs one of the popular companies which concerns about the Diabetic patients and introduced healthy and tasty food products. Produce healthier environment: This is one of the objectives set by the organization to create healthier life style through their products. It has also been working with many environmental caring trusts to avoid pollution in the process of production (Cohen, 2006). Hence, it is associated with Carbon Trust for more improvement in the production process. Report on the impact of changes in the external environment on a marketing strategy. Every business external environment has strong impact on making decision for strategic planning as the business is operated in states. The external environment consists of many important factors (Kotler and Armstrong, 2012) such as. Environmental factors: As the company AB involves in supporting the positive changes in the environment and had made the policies and strategies, safer. It has the highest standards for environmental protection and sustainability. Competition: The huge completion in the market also impacts on the marketing strategies. Based on the range of the competition, the management has to make changes in marketing objectives and strategies (Burkholder, Edwards and Sartain, 2004). Customers attitude: It comes under social economic factors which plays key role in influencing the marketing strategy. The attitude of people, such as health consciousness, makes changes to the marketing strategies. Internal analysis to identify current strengths and weaknesses in a marketing strategy An internal analysis is done to find the strengths and weaknesses of an organization. These factors illustrate the advantage and disadvantages of the company. Strengths: AB Cakes Company is number one supplier of the UK retail sugar and sweetener market and the food service which produces low calorie sugar products. It is the one of the company which works with carbon trust and committed to reduce carbon emission (Thomas, 2007). It produces some unique products like sugar syrups, sugars for drinks and sprinkling, sauces etc. along with the bakery items. Weaknesses: The production of sugarcane and sugar beet is mainly based on the climate. Due to the impact of global warming, the production is gradually decreasing and cost of the sugar beets increasing (Thomas, 2007). To meet the customer requirements, the company uses the combination of destocking and supplies from third parties which is affecting the companys image badly. Strategic marketing responses to key emerging themes in a marketing strategy. Globalization: Globalization is one of the important themes which influenced the marketing strategy for which the organization is now able to export the products and services throughout the world. It makes changes in the strategies of marketing in order to promote the products worldwide. Technological: As the technology is growing rapidly, the growth of the AB Cakes company is also involved in growing the sales of the company by adapting new changes to the marketing strategies. The company involves in promoting products by using the TV, social networks etc. to grab the more opportunities of sales (Verbeke, 2009). Conclusion Today, the global market has seen immense competition in the market but the AB Cakes Ltd. has occupied the position in the market by applying right marketing strategies at right time. Hence, using the marketing strategies and techniques helped the company in reaching objectives of the company and satisfying customers with their unique services. References Ahmad, M. (2013). Marketing Case Studies and Swot Analysis. Saarbrucken: LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing. Burkholder, N., Edwards, P. and Sartain, L. (2004). On staffing. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley. Buttle, F. (1996). Relationship marketing. London: Chapman. Clegg, S. (2011). Strategy. London: SAGE. Cohen, W. (1995). The marketing plan. New York: Wiley. Cohen, W. (2006). The marketing plan. Hoboken, NJ: J. Wiley Sons. Dess, G. (2012). Strategic management. New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Gilligan, C. and Wilson, R. (2009). Strategic marketing planning. Amsterdam: Elsevier/Butterworth-Heinemann. Iuso, B. (1975). Concept Testing: An Appropriate Approach. Journal of Marketing Research, 12(2), p.228. Karlof, B. and Lovingsson, F. (2005). The A-Z of management concepts and models. London: Thorogood. Kotler, P. and Armstrong, G. (2012). Principles of marketing. Boston: Pearson Prentice Hall. Kotler, P. and Cox, K. (1988). Marketing management and strategy. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. McDonald, M. and Meldrum, M. (n.d.). The complete marketer. Moutinho, L. and Southern, G. (2010). Strategic marketing management. Hampshire, U.K.: Cengage Learning EMEA. Proctor, T. (2000). Strategic marketing. London: Routledge. Simerly, R. (1987). Strategic planning and leadership in continuing education. San Francisco, Calif.: Jossey-Bass. SwaanArons, H. and Waalewijn, P. (1999). A knowledge base representing Porter's five forces model. Rotterdam: RIBES, Rotterdam Institute for Business Economic Studies. Thomas, A. (2007). Direct marketing in action. Westport, Conn.: Praeger Publishers. Verbeke, A. (2009). International business strategy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.