Tuesday, March 17, 2020
Proofreading for Errors in Subject-Verb Agreement
Proofreading for Errors in Subject-Verb Agreement These two proofreading exercises will give you practice in applying the rules of subject-verb agreement. After completing the exercises, compare your responses. Proofreading Exercise #1: A Fluke of Luck The following paragraph contains five errors in subject-verb agreement. Identify and correct the faulty verb forms. The sheep-liver fluke is a parasitic flatworm with a very complex life cycle. The fluke start life by hatching inside a snail. The fluke is then ejected from the snail in a ball of slime. These balls of slime is eaten by ants. The fluke digs its way through the ants body until it reach the ants brain. There, the fluke takes control of the ant by manipulating its nerves, thus turning the ant into its personal robot. Under the command of the fluke, the ant climb to the top of a blade of grass. If the fluke is in luck, the ant is eaten by a passing sheep. From the sheeps stomach, the fluke work its way hometo the liver. The Answers The sheep-liver fluke is a parasitic flatworm with a very complex life cycle. The flukeà startsà life by hatching inside a snail. The fluke is then ejected from the snail in a ball of slime. These balls of slimeà areà eaten by ants. The fluke digs its way through the ants body until ità reachesà the ants brain. There, the fluke takes control of the ant by manipulating its nerves, thus turning the ant into its personal robot. Under the command of the fluke, the antà climbsà to the top of a blade of grass. If the fluke is in luck, the ant is eaten by a passing sheep. From the sheeps stomach, the flukeà worksà its way hometo the liver. Proofreading Exercise #2: Life Forms The following paragraph contains seven errors in subject-verb agreement. Identify and correct the faulty verb forms. Anomie Plaza, like all shopping plazas, were designed for automobiles rather than human beings. All natural life has been extinguished; even the weeds along the curb appears artificial. But somehow, amidst all the plastic, steel, and concrete, a solitary shrub manage to survive. The shrub, not in vigorous bloom but certainly alive, stand a few yards away from the entrance to Huxleys department store. It grows straight up through the concrete. Now and then a shopper pause to examine this odd life form, not for sale in any of the 67 stores. Occasionally, someone will glance around furtively and then break off a twig, slip it into a shopping bag, and hurry back to the parking lot. Why people do this are a mystery to me. Are such people intent on preserving life or destroying it? Whatever the case may be, the shrub so far ââ¬â¹have managed to survive all assaults. The Answers Anomie Plaza, like all shopping plazas,à wasà designed for automobiles rather than human beings. All natural life has been extinguished; even the weeds along the curbà appearà artificial. But somehow, amidst all the plastic, steel, and concrete, a solitary shrubà managesà to survive. The shrub, not in vigorous bloom but certainly alive,à standsà a few yards away from the entrance to Huxleys department store. It grows straight up through the concrete. Now and then a shopperà pausesà to examine this odd life form, not for sale in any of the 67 stores. Occasionally, someone will glance around furtively and then break off a twig, slip it into a shopping bag, and hurry back to the parking lot. Why people do thisà isà a mystery to me. Are such people intent on preserving life or destroying it? Whatever the case may be, the shrub so farà hasà managed to survive all assaults.
Saturday, February 29, 2020
3D Printing Technology for Computing Systems - myassignmenthelp
The 3D printing goal has been realized through integration of various technologies, materials, and emerging processes and tactics which make interaction with 3D printing ecosystem at times difficulty. Contrally to that, the technology has come with a lot more in terms of benefits more so to the manufacturing. To start with, production cost through 3D printing has been cut largely while overall production being increased and made easy. Profit maximization being the objective of any organization, 3D printing has been embraced by many manufacturing firms because of its role to ensuring that firms achieve this objective. The technology has also emerged with its disadvantages also, for instance considering that manufacturing 3D products was tiresome and technical to some extent, many people could occupy such a sector of production. Therefore, emergency of 3D printing led to unemployment. Different authors have had different reactions towards 3D printing technology which is normal as each of them express his own opinions. Some have reacted negatively towards the technology while others have expressed their satisfaction. However, both reactions have been embraced by the readers in accordance to their sense. In this paper we take a look at two authors, Mike Scott and Terry Wohlers and their opinions towards 3D technology Mike Scott, 2017, May. 3D Printing Will Change the Way We Make Things and Design Them In 2017. Inà Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systemsà (pp. 497 508). Available from: https://www.forbes.com/sites/mikescott/2017/01/25/3d-printing-will-change-the-way-we-make-things-in-2017/#33dc4f6e310e In his opinion, Mike predicted 3D printing to have a big impact on the sector of artificial technology, because 3D printing had widened its scope from consumer side where its focus used to be to potential industries. He expresses the manner in which the technology would be advantageous by quoting a case scenario of 3D printed graphene, which would be able to make materials lighter than the atmospheric air but very strong. Such materials would be used to make lightweight products like aircraft and filtration devices which would create a room for saving fuel, costs and reduce emissions Mass production in industrial sector is another advantage he praised 3D printing technology with, he used case study of Dubai based startup, Cazza in this scenario which had reported to have the ability of printing 200m2 of concrete in a day. Therefore, the company could be able to establish structures at a faster rate than conventional methods could allow. Mike gave some examples of companies which had experience change under this technology, like Siemens which through the technology reported benefits on the sector of greenhouse gas emissions reduction, resource use reduction and reduction in time which could be taken in production previously. The company associated its past experience with the limitations of manufacturing process. Mike termed the main factor holding the progress of 3D printing as the risk-averse mindset of the designers. And which he saw as the reason as to why the technology has not been able to have firm bases in the manufacturing sector. One of the shortcomings of Mikeââ¬â¢s insights in this journal was his tendency of pointing out mistakes and leaving them without a suggested solution. Considering that the important side of any problem is its solution, Mike could have suggested a solution to the factor of risk-averse mindset of the designers which he termed as the main drawback to the progress of 3D printing technology. Terry Wohlers, 2016, August. The 3D Printing Landscape: Then and Now. Designing brand identity: An essential guide for the whole branding teamà (pp. 320 430). Available from: https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/tb/stories/news/26620 In this journal, Terry aimed at enlightening his readers on the history of 3D technology and its progress over the years. Terming this technology to slowly being appreciated and being embraced by different companies under manufacturing sector, he quoted some of the companies like GE, Airbus, Lima and Stryker which have specialized in producing metal parts useful in sectors like bridge construction. He also enlightened on the modern applications of 3D printingà like in soft and hard tissue print outs which are implanted on animals and human beings as well. He proceeds to give hope to people who accidentally face organ challenges in their lives that through this technology replacement of organs such as fingers, liver and kidney are possible. He foresees the future of electronics as bright under this technology. As through the technology handheld electronics will be 3D printed to conform to product shapes without having to design such products around circuit boards, and this would be a way of making work easier, courtesy of 3D printing technology. He also expresses his excitement towards 3D printing technology on its ability to produce digital inventories which enables companies to manufacture on demand. Although Terry managed to drive his point home on the 3D technology, his journal was too brief for any new reader in 3D printing technology to understand what the technology was all about. This limited the scope of his readers as a result, in that the only readers who could be able to benefit from his journal were the veterans under 3D printing technology. Expounding more on his ideas would be a huge milestone to filling the gap. Mike Scott, 2017, May. 3D Printing Will Change the Way We Make Things and Design Them à à à In 2017. Inà Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing à à à à à à Systemsà (pp. 497 508). Available from: à https://www.forbes.com/sites/mikescott/2017/01/25/3d-printing-will-change-the-way-we-à make-things-in-2017/#33dc4f6e310e Terry Wohlers, 2016, August. The 3D Printing Landscape: Then and Now. Designing brand à à à à à à à identity: An essential guide for the whole branding teamà (pp. 320 430). Available from: à à à à à à à à à à à https://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/tb/stories/news/26620
Thursday, February 13, 2020
The Comprehensive Insight into the Corporation BBC Case Study
The Comprehensive Insight into the Corporation BBC - Case Study Example British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) remains the leading broadcaster in the entire United Kingdom. The company engages in the running of various public global Television stations, digital and cable channels, and worldly radio networks. The BBC One channel is the biggest and provides a broad range of news and entertainment programming. The company broadcasts radio programming through the BBC World Service option in languages that exceed thirty around the globe. Dramas and comedies by the company come in other channels including the discovery channel that aim at reaching particular audiences. This report outlines the major strategic challenges faced by BBC at the stage describes in the case study provided. This results in likely options for future development and growth of the overall corporate strategy generating sustainable competitive advantage for BBC. Other features entail the cultural concepts following implementation of the new strategic approach developed by Greg Dyke. The pa per takes the initial step of assessing challenging factors for BBC covering capabilities, environment, and purpose. This will be crucial in comprehending detailed view of the strategic position taken by the corporation. This analysis leads to a more precise definition of the final future strategic development plan and concepts. The original aim of the British Broadcasting Corporation is to educate, inform, and entertain. It operates on the path line of being the most creative institution around the globe and strives to pursue the same vision through all available means. Values pursued by the company are impartiality and independence, internal collaborations and diversity, value for money, as well as delivery of quality services. These values remain central to the growth and development of BBC as a service company that remains dominant in the United Kingdom and a market leader in the world as well.
Saturday, February 1, 2020
Define and discuss the relationship between language variation, Essay
Define and discuss the relationship between language variation, language attitudes and linguistic discrimination, drawing on specific examples from past research - Essay Example To this end the paper will examine the relationship between language variation, language attitudes and linguistic discrimination. In order to attain this end, the following objectives will be explored: Language variation is the ââ¬Å"differences in systems of a language that result from historical, geographic, social and fundamental changes. This affects a dialect and divides up a language to sub-groupsâ⬠1. Language variation therefore signifies the ways and systems through which people who speak the same language vary the way they speak and convey ideas and communication through a peculiar or specific approach to conveying their messages. Language variation therefore hinges on the fact that different people have different approaches and different processes of presenting their information and message and this varies from person to person. In throwing more light on the essence of language variation, Thomson identifies that ââ¬Å"language is a historical entity. It is intended to communication ideas and concepts. Variations are persuasive and change with timeâ⬠2. Thomsonââ¬â¢s view of language variation has to do with the fact that language is meant to present ideas and concepts. And within time and space, these concepts and ideas might vary and change as per the changes and modifications in the society. Hence, there are different variations and different approaches and processes through which this communication is carried out and through which different people have and build different views on presenting their ideas and concepts. To add more explanations to this, it can be said that homogeneity in society and in perceptions in the human race is fiction3. This implies that language, which is a product of the wider society within which people lives is bound to be as heterogeneous as the society within which it is used. Therefore, linguistic variation allows linguistics to study about the different versions and different processes that influences and
Friday, January 24, 2020
The Country Comes Together :: essays research papers
The Country Comes Together à à à à à ââ¬Å"Yesterday, December 7, 1941-a date that will live in infamy- à à à à à the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan.â⬠à à à à à à à à à à When the United States was attacked by the Japanese on December 7, 1941 we were a third rate military power. By the end of the war in 1945 we were producing more weapons and firepower than the rest of the world put together. The American people realized that in order to defeat our enemies and win this war it was necessary to work together toward this goal. It took a tremendous exercise of American will and power to turn the tide, a national mobilization such as this country had never seen before, and may never see again. Fueling this was raw revenge, retribution for the humiliating defeat at Pearl Harbor. Pearl Harbor might be the greatest American victory of the war. It awoke a sleeping giant. Sixteen million Americans served in the armed forces in the war. Many jobs opened up for women. Women made airplanes, bombs, and ships, and performed secret administrative work on the atomic bomb project. Women joined the WACS and the WAVES, auxiliary forces of the Army and Navy. Theyalso served with the Women Air Force Service Pilots, known as the WASPS. The war also lured black people by the millions from cotton fields in the south to northern industrial centers. For the United States World War II lasted more than four years. By the time the Japanese signed the surrender documents on September 2, 1945 the people of the United States had been working together and suffering together for a very long time. For some Americans, wartime prosperity, coming on the heels of the Great Depression was an absolute miracle.
Wednesday, January 15, 2020
An Alternative to Incarceration for Nonviolent Offenders Essay
Community corrections is a range of alternative punishments for nonviolent offenders. There are two basic community corrections models in the United States. In the first model, integrated community corrections programs combine sentencing guidelines and judicial discretion with a variety of alternative sanctions and parole and probation options. In the second model, some states have instituted programs in which correctional officials may direct already sentenced offenders into alternative sanction programs and parole and probation options. Both models are designed to help reduce prison overcrowding and are less expensive alternatives to prison. Widespread development of community correction programs in the United States began in the late 1970ââ¬â¢s as a way to offer offenders, especially those leaving jail or prison, residential services in halfway houses. The first state community correction programs began in Oregon, Colorado, and Minnesota as pilot projects with very little government-funded support. They diverted nonviolent offenders in selected pilot project areas from jails and state prisons into local alternative punishment programs. These programs allowed judges to sentence offenders to a community-based punishment rather than jail or prison. Rehabilitation programs were the preferred punishment option. In the late 1980ââ¬â¢s, prison systems across the country began experiencing serious overcrowding of facilities. The overcrowding served as a catalyst for lawmakers to develop new options for sentencing criminal offenders. Nineteen states have now enacted various community correction programs. Community correction programs provide many communities with local punishment options as an alternative to prison or jail. These sanction programs are lower cost alternatives to increased prison and jail construction, based on the cost per offender. They provide local courts, state departments of corrections, and state parole boards with a broad range of correctional options for offenders under their jurisdiction. The goal is to match the appropriate punishment with the crime. Community corrections programs are integrated sanctioning strategies which seek to achieve the following goals: â⬠¢The offender is punished and held accountable. â⬠¢Public safety is protected. â⬠¢Victims and local communities receive restitution from felons who work in their present jobs and/or in restitution programs. â⬠¢Community service work increases. â⬠¢Collection of court costs and fees increases due to contractual agreements with offenders who remain in their present jobs. Eight states have adopted comprehensive Community Correction Acts which create a network of correctional programs for specific types of offenders. The acts create mechanisms by which state funds are granted to local governments and community agencies to encourage local sanctions in lieu of prison or jail. While no two state programs are alike, a comprehensive community corrections program generally includes the following elements: â⬠¢A locally integrated criminal justice system which supports a network of decentralized or centralized correctional programs for specific types of offenders. For instance, in Minnesota, local community corrections advisory boards composed of county sheriffs, chiefs of police, prosecutors, judges, defense lawyers, probation agents, and other local officials create comprehensive correction plans to improve the administration of justice at the local level. The plans detail the various options of punishment in the community which are available to judges and other criminal justice officials when sentencing offenders. â⬠¢These integrated systems generally include restitution programs for nonviolent offenders. Offendersââ¬â¢ wages are applied directly to restitution, court-ordered fines and fees, and room and board. Placement in the work programs usually lasts from three to six months. â⬠¢Programs are administered by local governmental or nonprofit agencies at the county or regional level, and are funded by the state under a single system which provides for local punishment options. Funds are provided contractually or directly depending on the involvement of nonprofit agencies. â⬠¢Sentencing guidelines for local, district, or regional judges prescribe a uniform sentencing structure with a variety of punishment options for offenders. They differ from determinate sentencing by targeting alternative punishments for the non-violent offender population. â⬠¢The punishment authorized under sentencing guidelines is generally tailored for the crime and applies to all similarly-situated felony offenders. For example, judges must follow a rating system based on the severity of the offenderââ¬â¢s crime, the frequency of violations, and the nature of the crime. Rating scales are adjusted periodically by sentencing commissions to reflect statewide sentencing patterns. Non-violent crimes have the lowest criminal rating, allowing judges the broadest range of sentencing options. In contrast, judges must impose very specific sentences for violent or serious crimes. Serious or violent felons sentenced to prison receive very little if any good time credit, and must serve a specified term while in prison. â⬠¢Responsibility for community correctional service is delegated to local units of government. This joins sentencing and punishment in one administrative level, with incentives for the most efficient use of local and state correctional resources. â⬠¢A post-prison release program, operated through a parole or probation system, is an integral component of a local community corrections treatment system. Community corrections sanctions may include: â⬠¢24-hour residential programs which provide a structured living environment for offenders who require supervision when not working or looking for employment; â⬠¢Non-residential drug and alcohol treatment programs; â⬠¢Electronic monitoring of offenders placed on home detention (offenders must wear bracelets that allow parole officials to monitor their movement); â⬠¢Diagnostic evaluation and counseling ordered by the court as part of a pre-sentence process; â⬠¢Pre-trial intervention which provides close supervision and support services to selected offenders prior to trial; â⬠¢Community service programs; â⬠¢Day reporting centers where offenders are required to discuss the progress of their job search and daily activities with parole officials; and â⬠¢Mandatory education programs. There are several key elements to an integrated community-based correctional program: â⬠¢Collaborative long range planning by local and state law enforcement officials to reduce the use of prisons for felony sentencing; â⬠¢Coordinated use of local and state correctional resources; â⬠¢A state funding mechanism to ensure a local level of correctional services; and â⬠¢Ensuring public safety in community correction facilities. One of the goals of sentencing guidelines is to match the community sanction with the offender. The types of offenders which are considered for community sanctions include the following: â⬠¢Offenders who might benefit from prevention services, and are of criminal activity in the future: school drop-outs, urban youth gang members, and juvenile offenders with learning disabilities. Prevention services could include mid-night basketball leagues, big brother programs, special education programs, and other activities. â⬠¢Offenders who might benefit from early intervention services. This group is generally composed of first time offenders. Early intervention may reduce their chances for committing future crimes. They generally require services related to education, work-skill development, and substance abuse and alcohol counseling. â⬠¢Offenders who might be eligible for diversion programs. This group is basically those people in jail or prison who may safely be diverted to alternative programs and services. They generally are second or third time offenders who have failed on probation and have been convicted of a number of non-violent offenses. Under Californiaââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"three strikeââ¬â¢s lawâ⬠, they could face life imprisonment if their first two felonies are violent and/or if the third felony is violent. The goal of sentencing guidelines is to match target offender groups with the appropriate community sanction. While there are some variations among state sentencing guidelines, most establish punishment by the severity, frequency, and nature of the crime committed. For example, in Michigan, if an offender is arrested for burglary and has a previous drug arrest, state sentencing guideline ratings provide a range of sentencing options from alternative community corrections to up to a 24 month prison sentence. The community correction option allows the judge to sentence the offender to a secured community-based substance abuse treatment program for six months, followed by a short probation period. The judge has the discretion to choose from an array of options. On the other hand, if an offender is convicted of a serious felony and has previous non-violent felony convictions, sentencing guidelines provide that alternative community corrections is not an option, and require a minimum 24 month prison sentence. While offenders sometimes violate the terms of a community correction sentence, so far there is no evidence that the offenders currently entering these programs are a danger to communities. Evaluation studies are currently randomly tracking offenders who participate in community correction programs to determine the success or failure of the programs. The eight states which have enacted comprehensive community correction laws require a well-defined local implementation strategy that targets specific offender populations, and seeks to match their needs with the correct community sanction and service, before state funds are dispersed. Several states have also enacted on-going performance evaluation reviews to identify problem areas and fine-tune sentencing options. The other four states do not offer financial incentives or disincentives, although local implementation strategies are closely monitored by state legislatures. Four of the 8 states also offer formula-based incentives which require community agencies to develop comprehensive, integrated long-range community correctional plans. The greater local resources and services available under the plan, the higher the state funding. Most local plans are coordinated at the county level and identify all available community treatment programs, including prevention and intervention programs, training programs, and diversion programs. Local plans must include data detailing how the community correction programs are expected to reduce commitments to prison. The formula grants include a disincentive for sending certain kinds of felons to state prison, in the form of a per-diem fee which is deducted from the local grant. Grantees are also required to monitor offenders for possible parole violations after they complete the community corrections program. Louisiana has the oldest state boot camp program in the country. The Intensive Motivational Program of Alternative Correctional Treatment (IMPACT) has as its goals: â⬠¢Provide an alternative to long-term incarceration for youthful first- and second-time offenders. â⬠¢Reduce costs without undue risk to public safety. â⬠¢Develop participantsââ¬â¢ self-discipline, self-confidence, self-respect, individual responsibility, and respect for others. In order to participate, an offender must meet the following eligibility criteria: â⬠¢Male and female offenders under the age of 40 serving sentences in state prison. â⬠¢First time felony offenders committed to state custody for 7 years or less for an offense with parole eligibility. â⬠¢Second-time felony offenders who have not previously spent time in state prison and who have been committed to state custody for 7 years or less for an offense carrying parole eligibility. â⬠¢No offenders with outstanding felony charges, numerous outstanding misdemeanor charges, outstanding immigration detainers, mental or physical health problems, history of assaulting behavior or escape, overt homosexuality, sex offense against a child or any violent sexual offense, or absence of post-release plan. In 1987, the Louisiana Department of Public Safety and Corrections began operating a 136-bed military-style boot camp program at the medium-security Hunt Correctional Center (Up to 20 female slots are also available at the Louisiana Correctional Institute for Women; these inmates are bused to the boot camp daily). The 90- to 180-day program uses a three-phase approach to promote its philosophy of discipline and treatment. Regular program activities include military drill and ceremony training, physical training and organized recreational activities. Treatment programs include a re-education therapy class that requires participants to evaluate their beliefs and values, substance abuse education classes and activities, and prerelease (life skills) preparation. Extra duty or incentive physical training are required for minor disciplinary infractions. More serious infractions may result in reduction in rank, additional duties, or, in some cases, dismissal from the program. About 55 percent of participants graduate from the program. On release, all IMPACT parolees are assigned to 3 months of intensive parole supervision where, in addition to the regular conditions mandated for all parolees (maintain employment or full-time educational training), they must satisfy the following requirements: a minimum of 4 face-to-face contacts with a supervision officer each week, adherence to a curfew, 100 hours of unpaid community service work and random drug and alcohol screenings. After 3 months, supervision standards are gradually relaxed. Depending on individual performance, at the conclusion of this period, the parolee will continue receiving intensive supervision or is placed in regular parole supervision. According to the Multi-State Evaluation of Shock Incarceration report to the National Institute of Justice, Louisiana is one of three states whoââ¬â¢s program results in lower recidivism rates relative to comparison groups. Failures are more often for technical violations of parole than for new crime violations. It is estimated that each 100 inmates completing the program result in a cost savings of $750,000 to the state (Nieto, Marcus: Feb. 1996). REFERENCES Travis Hirschi, and David Rudisill, An Evaluation of California Probation Subsidy Program, Vol. 1: Commitment Reduction and Probation Subsidy: A Summary of Available Data, Center on Administration of Criminal Justice, University of California at Davis, (Davis), 1977. Probation/Parole Survey, Corrections Compendium, The National Journal for Corrections, August, 1994. U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs. A Survey of Intermediate Sanctions, Washington, D.C. September, 1990, and Nieto, Marcus, California Research Bureau, The Changing Role Probation In Californiaââ¬â¢s Criminal Justice System, April, 1996. Peters, G.T., Intermediate Sanctions: A Discussion of Illustrative Programs. Office of National Drug Control Policy. Washington D.C. 1990. Stone, Susan and Fulton, Betsy, Achieving Public Safety Through Rehabilitation and Reintegration: The Promise of a New ISP, Presented at the Academy of Criminal Justice Science Conference. Kansas City, Missouri. 1995. Nidorf, Barry, Chief Probation Officer, Los Angeles County, ââ¬Å"Los Angeles County, Varied Uses of Electronic Monitoring: The Los Angeles Experienceâ⬠, Edited by John Ortiz and William Selke. Intermediate Sanctions: Sentencing in the 1990ââ¬â¢s. Anderson Publishing Company, 1995. Bourque, Blair, Han, B, Hill, Mei, and Sarah, M,. U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs. An Inventory of Aftercare Provisions for 52 Boot Camp Programs. NCJ 157104. Washington, DC. January, 1996. Nieto, Marcus, California Research Bureau, Community Correction Punishments: An Alternative to Incarceration for Nonviolent Offenders, Sacramento, CA., February, 1996.
Tuesday, January 7, 2020
Greek City States Vs. Modern Greece - 1244 Words
Greek city-states are perfect examples of historian Peter Stearnââ¬â¢s definition of classical civilizations. At the height of its power between the 5th and 4th centuries, Greeceââ¬â¢s land included ââ¬Å"Asia Minor (in modern Turkey), southern Italy, the island of Sicily, and the Greek islands.â⬠(Hornblower) Most of these territories were independently governed and had strong political systems primarily democracy which was born in Athens and became the basis for modern democratic governments in the United States, France and other nations. Many Greek city-states also developed core traditions in the arts and sciences that endure today. All these factors distinguished Greek city-states from river valley civilizations as Stearns states, but like every society in history, each city-state had its strengths and weaknesses. For example, there was a wide range of military power because Greek city-states held different views on its importance. During ancient times, Sparta built one of the strongest armies in classical Greece. At the age of seven, all boys were moved from their homes to government barracks where they were trained to be soldiers for 23 years. After that, they were expected to serve in the army for 30 years until they retired at age 60. Sparta had an insatiable appetite for battle and aggressively went after the territories of other city-states, especially the land of its arch-rival Athens. Like Sparta, Athens was one of the largest and most formidable city-states, but militaryShow MoreRelatedThe Persian Wars Were Significant For World History1441 Words à |à 6 Pagesconquest, wars were waged across lands near and far. By means of defense, revolts arose at this time of numerous battles as well as the formation of alliances. As a whole, war is a struggle for power. For instance, two great ancient civilizations, Greece and Persia, fought in a series of conflicts known as the Greco-Persian Wars. 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